Pregnancy and gum disease

Pregnancy is one of the happiest times in a woman’s life. Because of the highly specialized growth and development of the foetus, pregnancy is also a critically important time. During this period of time it is crucial that a pregnant woman do everything she can to prevent exposure of the developing foetus to harmful substances and diseases. There are many things such as maternal substance abuse, high blood pressure, and diabetes that may cause complications of pregnancy.

Inflammation from infection is also associated with pre-term delivery of low birth weight infants. One of the infections that may cause inflammation throughout a pregnant woman’s body is infection from the mouth. Now there are new research findings that suggest gum disease may cause inflammation that puts an expectant mother at risk for complications of pregnancy possibly leading to pre-term birth (PTB) of a low weight infant. Additionally, there is increasing evidence that certain of our body’s chemicals associated with inflammation may play a role in early rupture of the amniotic sac. It is estimated that roughly 15% of the women who deliver premature babies have microorganisms from gum infections that have migrated to the amniotic fluid.

What can you do to reduce the risks

To reduce the risk of delivering a low birth weight or preterm infant, it is important to: • Recognize the impact hormonal changes have on expectant mothers’ susceptibility to oral infections • Understand how oral infections may affect the developing foetus • Maintain good oral hygiene before and during pregnancy

Some things to keep in mind

What can women do to eliminate the risk of pregnancy complications from oral infections and provide the best environment for the developing foetus? • Stop smoking today. • Eat a nutritious, well-balanced diet. • Avoid a sedentary lifestyle. • Get regular dental and medical check-ups. • Brush your teeth at least twice each day and floss regularly. • Tell your dentist or dental hygienist if you are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant. • If you are already pregnant, ask your dentist or dental hygienist and obstetrician to work together to coordinate the best possible care. • Disregard the myth that women should not seek dental care during pregnancy.

If you have any apprehension about seeking treatment, the use of medications, or getting x-rays during pregnancy, discuss your concerns with your dentist, dental hygienist or obstetrician.

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